Thin Solid Films Higher yields may be achieved with the solvent process (> 95%) than with the baking process (70 to 80%), so that the solvent process has initially simulated more interest. [4] Substituted phthalocyanine complexes often have much higher solubility. 2020. PMC 37, 183189 (2016). The CuPcTs-H2O interaction can be tracked using a combination of gravimetric, optical, and electrical sensing modes, enabling accurate ( 2.5%) sensing in the ~0-95% RH range with a detection limit of less than 0.1% RH. Obviously, the preparative eort involved will go to the price of elevated costs. for more information. Synthesis and properties of N-methylimidazole solvates of vanadium(ii), chromium(ii) and iron(ii) phthalocyanines. The PCA results support proposed adsorption kinetics models, which indicate that a secondary adsorption process occurs after H2O saturation of strongly hydrophilic sites. Novel photoactive fluorene-based terpolymers incorporating carbazole for photovoltaic application. Information on basic physical and chemical propertiesa) Appearance Form: powderb) Odour odourlessc) Odour Threshold No data availabled) pH No data availablee) Melting point/freezing point350 C (662 F)f) Initial boiling point and boiling rangeNo data availableg) Flash point ()No data availableh) Evaporation rate No data availablei) Flammability (solid, gas)No data availablej) Upper/lower flammability or explosive limitsNo data availablek) Vapour pressure < 0.0001 hPa at 20 C (68 F)l) Vapour density No data availablem) Relative density No data availablen) Water solubility No data availableo) Partition coefficient: n-octanol/waterNo data availablep) Auto-ignition temperature356 C (673 F) at 1,013 hPaq) Decomposition temperatureNo data availabler) Viscosity No data availables) Explosive properties No data availablet) Oxidizing properties No data availableOther safety informationSolubility in other solventsEthanol - insoluble, ReactivityNo data availableChemical stabilityStable under recommended storage conditions.Possibility of hazardous reactionsNo data availableConditions to avoidNo data availableIncompatible materialsStrong oxidizing agentsHazardous decomposition productsHazardous decomposition products formed under fire conditions. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Ho, Y.-S. & McKay, G. The kinetics of sorption of divalent metal ions onto sphagnum moss peat. 97, 318324 (2012). Basova, T. et al. form = 1.61-1.62 Accosperse cyan blue GT Aqualine blue Bahama blue BC Bermuda blue Blue GLA Blue phthalocyanine .alpha.-form . , CU-PCIN-03-P and JavaScript. Here, sensitivity refers to the smallest RH changes detectable by the particular measurement technique at a given water vapor pressure P/P0 as estimated from the signal to noise ratio (SNR) for each response. the rising edge of the mass change becomes more rounded at higher pressures. PubMed Central 1 represents 2 distinct sequentially-occurring PFO reactions. [17] Silicon and zinc phthalocyanines have been developed as photosensitizers for non-invasive cancer treatment. Delayed Triplet-State Formation through Hybrid Charge Transfer Exciton at Copper Phthalocyanine/GaAs Heterojunction. Kato, K. et al. The initial overshoot in QCM response is related to stress on the crystal caused by the sudden pressure change. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal RH levels inside the flow cell were controlled using an L&C Science RH-200 humidity generator and measured with an additional humidity probe at the outlet of the flow cell. Please note that we cannot offer bulk quantities for some products. The behavior of \({k}_{1-1}\) and \(\,{k}_{1-2}\) resembles the trend in \({{\rm{\tau }}}_{2}/{{\rm{\tau }}}_{1}\) (Fig. Rh6d;0/YH0
EQLRYdkZLkN}ej[zb[Aa$Csa4m# X'yx#J0_BGB?Mvhd2jvHPIdX;Bw-tf4[3HLg.yKSu5M5KlL =N8 Nitrogen is an odorless, tasteless, colorless and mostly inert gas. Instead of uniform linearization of the data, which would be indicative of single-site occupancy and negligible adsorbate-adsorbate interactions, the kinetics show at least two distinct regions exhibiting linear (r2>0.98) behavior: one region with slope 0.2 to 0.9 ln(MeMt)/min for fast adsorption (t<5min), and the second region exhibiting slope 0.020 to 0.25 ln(MeMt)/min for slower adsorption (t>15min). Halogenated and sulfonated derivatives of copper phthalocyanines are commercially important as dyes. Please join us and our customer and co-sponsor. Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1. * orbital transitions20, 21. They feature four pyrrole-like subunits linked to form a 16membered inner ring composed of alternating carbon and nitrogen atoms. Error bars correspond to uncertainty in R/R0 due to low signal to noise ratio. 2020 Feb 15;227:117621. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117621. Foo, K. & Hameed, B. Zhang T, Zhao S, Piao L, Xu Z, Liu X, Kong C, Xu X. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. RSC Adv. It is olive green when dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, and green precipitate after dilution, with excellent fastness. At RH>60%, water saturation of CuPcTs domains leads to dielectric screening of the CuPcTs electronic charge carriers by dipolar water layers, which results in dramatic decreases in the values of n and k. Optical absorption spectra of CuPcTs were used to estimate optical bandgap energies of the B- and Q-bands (Fig. 1997-2023 American Elements. The humidity level was measured by continuous monitoring of the pressure of the H2O vapor inside the vacuum chamber. Registered Trademark. Copper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) has been suggested for data storage in quantum computing, due to the length of time its electrons can remain in superposition. 2a. Before [17] No evidence indicates carcinogenic effects. Claessens, C. G., Hahn, U. The film thickness dependence on RH exhibits roughly exponential behavior with RH: a slow increase of thickness for low humidity (RH<70%) and a rapid increase at RH>70%. A molecular pentad, comprised of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) with four boron dipyrromethene units (BODIPY) have been Magnetic Properties of a Terbium-[1]Ferrocenophane Complex: Analogies between Lanthanide-Ferrocenophane and Lanthanide-Bis-phthalocyanine Complexes. (, Scheme for water uptake into CuPcTs domain. 2018 Nov 29;10(46):21689-21695. doi: 10.1039/c8nr05170d. Due to its stability, phthalo blue is also used in inks, coatings, and many plastics. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted At RH>70%, component-2 becomes dominant and forms 100% of the contribution to at RH>90%. Phase Transition of Graphene-Templated Vertical Zinc Phthalocyanine Nanopillars. By visiting At the initial discovery of Pc, its uses were primarily limited to dyes and pigments. (b) H2O adsorption isotherm (black circles) fit with five different isotherm models. Google Scholar. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals New insights on electro-optical response of poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly (styrenesulfonate) film to humidity. *Density for the .beta. Interface between an Au (111) Surface and an Ionic Liquid: The Influence of Water on the DoubleLayer Capacitance. 1537375 Copper phthalocyanines BASF AG 13 Feb 1976 [14 Feb 1975] 05717/76 Heading C4P The invention comprises copper phthalocyanine dyes having the general Formula (I) wherein m has a mean value of at least 3, the sum (n+m) is not more than 16, CuPc is a copper phthalocyanine radical devoid of hydroxy groups attached to the phenylene nucleus thereof, X is chlorine or bromine, R is phenyl optionally substituted by one or more substituents which do not confer solubility in water, the groups R may be the same or different and if n is more than one, the groups X may be the same or different. (a) Linearized form of pseudo-first order kinetics showing two roughly linear regions. 1 and 2.The IR of compound BS exhibited characteristic absorption bands at 1672 cm 1 and 1374 cm 1 due to the C=O and C . In crystals with unit cells composed of n molecules, the nondegenerate excited states of each molecule are comprised of n bands, resulting in several absorption peaks22. Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), also called phthalocyanine blue, phthalo blue and many other names, is a bright, crystalline, synthetic blue pigment from the group of phthalocyanine dyes. [9] It was not until 1934 that Sir Patrick Linstead characterized the chemical and structural properties of iron phthalocyanine.[10]. Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. PUGVIEW FETCH ERROR: 403 Forbidden National Center for Biotechnology Information 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, 20894 USA Contact Policies FOIA HHS Vulnerability Disclosure National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Exponential heterogeneous (multi-site) adsorption kinetic models are of the form \(\,{\rm{\Delta }}M={M}_{{\rm{0}}}+{\sum }_{i=1}^{n}{A}_{i}{{\rm{e}}}^{-t/{{\rm{\tau }}}_{i}}\), where \(n\) is the number of active sites, \({A}_{i}\) corresponds to the relative amount of mass adsorbed at Site-i, and \({{\rm{\tau }}}_{i}\,\,\)is the inverse of the adsorption rate constant at Site-i. The adsorption of water onto previously adsorbed H2O clusters or multilayers in the mixed H2O-CuPcTs phase at RH>60% does not further affect carrier mobility. It is majorly used in a variety of energy conservation based applications. [29] Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 440 gallon liquid totes, and 36,000 lb. Periodic table of the elements, materials science and academic information, elements and advanced materials data, scientific presentations and all pages, designs, concepts, logos, and color schemes herein are the copyrighted proprietary rights and intellectual property of American Elements. The substance is practically insoluble in water (<0.1g/100ml at 20C (68F)),[34] but soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid. The r2 values of each fit are shown in the inset bar graph. Water exposure leads to significant decreases in k between 550 and 650nm and decreases in n between 450 and 900nm. (a) Wavelength-dependent extinction coefficient (k) (top panel) and index of refraction (n) (bottom panel) of CuPcTs film under different RH conditions. 1c. and transmitted securely. Sci Rep 7, 9921 (2017). Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. )4 The requested specifications are not available. Thank you for visiting nature.com. The site which becomes more active at high RH (Site-2) is likely related to diffusion of water into bulk CuPcTs domains and adsorption of water on previously-adsorbed water layers, which is driven by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interaction between surface H2O adsorbates and gas phase H2O as well as H2O coordination to electrical double layers formed by hydrated Na+ ions32. performed spectroscopic ellipsometry experiments and modelling. To further investigate electrical response of CuPcTs, EIS was performed to study dielectric properties of the CuPcTs film in the 1Hz 8MHz frequency range during exposure to H2O. Zeitschrift fr physik & Van Den Driessche, P. Mechanism and equivalent circuits in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 156, 210 (2010). 61: 20576-20586. Surface Functionalization with Copper Tetraaminophthalocyanine Enables Efficient Charge Transport in Indium Tin Oxide Nanocrystal Thin Films. The fitted region was reduced to the 450900nm range to reduce the standard error. Google Scholar. Benten, H., Kudo, N., Ohkita, H. & Ito, S. Layer-by-layer deposition films of copper phthalocyanine derivative; their photoelectrochemical properties and application to solution-processed thin-film organic solar cells. If material is not included in the articles Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. 37, 30793086 (2003). It is present in a wide variety of products,[20] such as color deposition hair conditioner,[21] eye patches, parfum, shampoo, skin-care products, soap, sunscreen, tattoo ink,[22] toothpaste. CuPc has often been investigated in the context of molecular electronics. government site. Pfeifer, K., Hughes, R., Jenkins, M. & Schneider, T. Viologen PolymerCoated Impedance Sensors for Midrange Humidity Levels and Other Volatile Organic Compounds. Copper(II) phthalocyanine -form, Copper(II) phthalocyanine -form, Phthalocyanine copper salt, Copper tetrabenzoporphyrazine, (29H, 31H-phthalocyaninato(2-)-N29, N30, N31, N32)copper, 29H,31H-Phthalocyaninato(2-)-N29,N30,N31,N32 copper, CuPc, phthalocyanine blue, Pigment Blue 15, Phthalocyanine Blue BN, monastral blue, phthalo blue, helio blue, thalo blue, Winsor blue, phthalocyanine blue, C.I. Characterization of evaporated trivalent and tetravalent phthalocyanines thin films: different degree of organization. doi: 10.1002/tcr.20139. Applied surface science. Characterization of evaporated trivalent and tetravalent phthalocyanines thin films: different degree of organization. (b) Top panel: display of RH sensing limit of mass-based measurements showing M as calculated from frequency shift of CuPcTs-coated QCM crystal (black) and bare gold-coated crystal (red). 74160. See reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale. Error bars are propagated from measurements of R/R0 and extraction of 2 by fitting to the Lorentz oscillator model. [17] No specific dangers have been associated with this compound. 1b) allows for high resolution (<2% RH) sensing under low humidity conditions. 115, 2492024930 (2011). (a) AFM image of CuPcTs film. Optical conductivity was calculated at 600nm (corresponding to the maximum absorbance of Q-band of CuPcTs) and reflects RH dependence at this wavelength. 2005;246:327333. While optical response of sulfonated phthalocyanines has been well-studied in solution, less information is available about water interaction with solid films15, 19. A flow cell with optical windows was used to control the sample environment during SPE measurements. 8, 7597 (2008). Mohamed E El-Khouly, Cem Gl, Morad M. El-Hendawy, Sekan Yeilot, Mahmut Durmu. CuPc can be easily processed into a thin film for use in device fabrication, which makes it an attractive qubit candidate.[31]. [Bulk heterojunction solar cell based on porphyrin compounds]. Prior to H2O adsorption measurements, films were placed under 103Torr (1.33103mbar) vacuum for 24hours. Finally, we demonstrate the value of using a multi-modal approach for understanding mechanisms of sensing and referencing optical and electrical changes to the mass of adsorbed water on the surface of the sensor, as well as identification of the most sensitive detection modes for analyte identification. H2Pc and CuPc dissolve easily in sulfuric acid due to the protonation of the nitrogen atoms bridging the pyrrole rings. Publisher's note: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Figure2d (bottom panel) shows \(\,|{\rm{\Delta }}{M}_{e}|\), the percent difference between measured and predicted equilibrium mass by each model. 1, where \(\,{k}_{1}={k}_{2}^{^{\prime} }[{{\rm{H}}}_{2}{{\rm{O}}}_{vap}]\). At RH>60%, the value of C1 begins decreasing. (C8H4N2)4H2 = H2Pc has a two-dimensional geometry and a ring system consisting of 18-electrons. Journal of Molecular Liquids This approach involves heating phthalonitrile with a copper salt, usually copper(I)chloride at 200C to 240C. Optical thickness of the CuPcTs film was estimated from SPE data. Such compounds are prepared by treating CuPc with chlorine, bromine or oleum. Error bars correspond to errors propagated from fitting to the Lorentz oscillator model. Changes in the optical spectra are related to specific electronic transitions which reveal the effect of water on charge transfer (QCT), excitonic transitions (QA, and QB), and bandgap energy. Lines show exponential fits. Metal complexes derived from Pc2, the conjugate base of H2Pc, are valuable in catalysis, organic solar cells, and photodynamic therapy. The origin of the word copper comes from the Latin word 'cuprium' which translates as "metal of Cyprus," as the Mediterranean island of Cyprus was known as an ancient source of mined copper.. See more Nitrogen products. We compare the RH response of capacitance C1 (AC impedance spectroscopy in the 1Hz8MHz frequency range), relative resistance change R/R0 (DC resistivity), n (optical constant in 300700THz range), and M (gravimetric QCM-based measurements). [N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2, N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1, ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON, Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients, DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. FOIA The units of and are degrees and their principal components are displayed in relative units. During the second step (illustrated in Fig. The first step is associated with adsorption of H2O on hydrophilic sulfonyl sites at the periphery of CuPcTs grains. The results strongly suggest that adsorption/desorption of water can be described by a double active site model that includes one strongly hydrophilic site which becomes quickly saturated as RH increases (Site-1) and one site which becomes more active as Site-1 is filled (Site-2)31. International journal of environmental research and public health [35], CuPc crystallizes in various forms (polymorphs). (. Journal of Molecular Liquids Here we employ multi-modal probing of the CuPcTs response to water vapor by connecting gravimetric, electrical, and optical techniques to relate the quantity of adsorbed water to changes in optical constants, electrical resistance, and capacitance of the film under changing RH conditions. Internet Explorer). The density is 1.94~2.05g/cm3. Difficulty was experienced in forming stable dispersions with the first alpha forms, especially in mixtures with rutile titanium, where the blue pigment tended to flocculate. -. HWKofvEM The DC resistance increases linearly with mass during H2O adsorption (FigureS8). Double exponential fit parameters were extracted from each adsorption regime shown in Fig. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena group, since this is the primary structure responsible for hydrophilicity/solubility of CuPcTs. )Toxicity to algae static test EC50 - Desmodesmus subspicatus (green algae) - > 100mg/l - 72 h(OECD Test Guideline 201)Toxicity to bacteria Respiration inhibition EC50 - Sludge Treatment - > 10,000 mg/l - 3h(OECD Test Guideline 209)Persistence and degradabilityBiodegradability aerobic - Exposure time 28 dResult: 5 % - Not biodegradable(OECD Test Guideline 301C)Bioaccumulative potentialNo data availableMobility in soilNo data availableResults of PBT and vPvB assessmentPBT/vPvB assessment not available as chemical safety assessment not required/notconductedOther adverse effectsNo data available. (John Wiley & Sons, 2006). InChI=1S/C32H16N8.Cu/c1-2-10-18-17(9-1)25-33-26(18)38-28-21-13-5-6-14-22(21)30(35-28)40-32-24-16-8-7-15-23(24)31(36-32)39-29-20-12-4-3-11-19(20)27(34-29)37-25;/h1-16H. We can determine that water had the highest solubility because it ran the quickest through the filter and had the lowest ++, value. Exposure to H2O vapor increases CuPcTs film thickness by a factor of 3 as RH is increased from 3% to 90% (Fig. cobaltphthalocyanineamine complex, SOLUBLE COPPER PHTHALOCYANINE DYES AND THEIR APPLICATION, Poly(oxyalkylene) modified phthalocyanine colorants, Water-dissipatable polyesters and amides containing near infrared fluorescent compounds copolymerized therein, Thermoplastic materials containing near infrared fluorophores, Organic solvent based ink for invisible marking/identification, Security document and method using invisible coded markings, Polyester compositions containing near infrared absorbing materials to improve reheat, Fiber coating composition having an invisible marker and process for making same, Method for marking items for identification, New phthalocyanine compounds, their manufacturing processes and the near infrared absorbing materials they contain, Water-based ink, ink set, ink jet recording method, ink cartridge, recording unit and ink jet recording apparatus, Method for tagging thermoplastic materials with near infrared fluorophores, Method for detecting and separating thermoplastic containers with near infrared fluorosphores, Triphendioxazine dyes, methods for their manufacture and their use for dyeing cellulosic substrates, Reactive dyes, processes for their manufacture and their use, Process for preparing water-soluble monoazo pyrazolone compound, Water-soluble disazo compounds, process for their preparation and their use as dyestuffs, Novel azomethine compound and its preparation, A process for the preparation of aluminium-heavy metal mixed complexes, Copper complex formazan compound, its preparation and use thereof, Pyrazolo(4,3-d)pyrimidine derivative, its preparation, cholesterol-lowering agent containing it, its intermediate and its preparation, Copper complexes of disazo reactive dyestuffs, Process for preparing water-soluble monoazo compound, Water-insoluble monoazo dye, its production and use, and mixture consisting of this monoazo dye, N6-substituted cordycepin and its preparation, 1,3-disubstituted-5-fluoro-6-chlorouracil derivative and antitumor agent, Heterocyclic azomethine metal complex pigments, Color forming sheet for pressure-sensitive copying paper, Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee. Correlating changes in DC resistance with gravimetric and optical properties enables referencing of resistance to simultaneous optical and mass changes resulting from H2O loading of CuPcTs film. When CuTCPc acts as an interlayer, the performance of the device ITO/CuTCPc/P3HT:PCBM/Al is improved: J(SC) increases to 3.12 mA/cm2, V(OC) increases to 0.59 V, FF increases to 33.8%, and the corresponding nu is 0.62%. For the PFO reaction model, we used \(\,{M}_{e}=\,{M}_{e1}+{M}_{e2}\). A Nyquist plot of imaginary vs. real impedance (black points, FigureS9) shows a suppressed single semi-circle, suggesting that a modified Randles equivalent circuit model is appropriate for fitting (inset in Fig. & Garca-Valenzuela, A. Adsorption kinetics of optochemical NH 3 gas sensing with semiconductor polyaniline films. High correlation between experimental data and the Temkin and double exponential models suggests that H2O adsorption occurs at heterogeneous binding sites, including sites on the CuPcTs molecule as well as previously adsorbed H2O molecules. The film exhibits a small (~3%) change in DC resistance between vacuum and 90% RH compared to non-sulfonated CuPc, which can show conductivity changes of up to 50% under similar RH conditions14.
Figlia Mauro Sanchini, Articles C
Figlia Mauro Sanchini, Articles C